The Calendar of the Enina Apostolos (A Redecipherment Based on Advanced Photographic Technology) and its Implications for the Early Stages in the History of the Church Slavonic Liturgy

Summary: 

     The Enina Apostolos is an Old Bulgarian manuscript from the 11th century. It was deciphered by Kiril Mirchev and Hristo Kodov and published by them in 1965. Some parts of the manuscript could not be read because of the bad condition of the parchment. In 2017, Heinz Miklas and his collaborators made high-tech images of the manuscript. They help to read some parts of the manuscript which had been invisible for K. Mirchev and Hr. Kodov. Several fragments of the manuscript are displayed here in a comparison of a common and a high-tech image of the same page, as well as a comparison between the old reading of K. Mirchev and Hr. Kodov and the new reading, based on the new images.
     The new readings of the calendar notes give additional information about the calendar of the Enina Apostolos and its origin. It is obvious that the Enina Apostolos is a Slavonic replica of a Byzantine Lectionary which contains the Typikon of the Great Church. This Lectionary most probably was prepared by the Holy Brothers Cyrill and Methodios. Further, the Enina Apostolos is a source which gives an opportunity to trace the history of the Slavonic liturgical books from the earliest Slavonic writings to the 11th century.
     Furthermore, the new theory of Aleksey Pentkovskiy is discussed. He asserts that the first Slavic corpus of liturgical books of Byzantine rite was created after 886, and also, that a Slavic liturgy never existed in Preslav. The Enina Apostolos, however, is a proof that certain books of Byzantine rite were created in the very beginning of the Slavic scripture, and also, that Slavonic liturgical books were used in Preslav.

Iskra Hristova-Shomova (Sofia, Bulgaria)

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